For policy makers in the region this suggests a need to look at three diŠerent levels for action. First, domestically it is critical for economic policy to both manage the economic conditions of today and to prepare for a possible slowing down of the economy in the future. Moving beyond the crisis also means moving beyond the short-term oriented crisis mode of economic policy. This is diŸcult, especially when governments are concerned about their political support. But it is critical if the region wants to remain on top also a‡er the next economic shock. Second, given the region’s huge reliance on its external environment and specifically the nature of European markets and policies, it needs to actively engage in the process of defining the Europe that will emerge post-Brexit. Whether that is already happening beyond the staking out of short-term national interests is unclear. As smaller member countries the Baltic Sea Region might feel that it can only manage within the context of whatever structures the large EU member countries come up with. But that is neither doing justice to the high stakes the countries in the region have in the outcome of this process, nor to the influence they potentially could have.